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American Civil War

From Encyc

American Civil War (1861-1865) It resulted in a Union victory and emancipation of the slaves.

Issues

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  • Slavery
  • States' rights
  • Free trade vs. protectionism (Tariffs)

Sides

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  • North - Unionist, free
  • South - Confederacy - Secessionist, slave

Leaders

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Factors in the Outcome

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  • North more industrialized with greater population and larger economy
  • South fighting on home territory, with economic importance to Great Britain because of cotton

Battles

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  • Bull Run
  • Antietam
  • Peninsula
  • Fredericksburg
  • Chancellorsville
  • Gettysburg
  • Wilderness
  • Spotsylvania
  • Petersburg
  • Five Forks
  • Sailor's Creek
  • Appomattox
  • Fort Donelson
  • Shiloh
  • Chattanooga
  • Vicksburg
  • Atlanta
  • March to the Sea

Technology

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  • Ironclads
  • Submarines
  • Land mines
  • Trench warfare
  • Infantry tactics, rifles, repeating firearms
  • Railroads
  • Telegraph
  • Balloons

Generals

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Union

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  • Burnside - Often regarded as the worst, and given a 1 rating in CWS, he is known for ordering hopeless frontal attacks against a fortified position at Fredericksburg. However, had the pontoon bridges been built on time, his plan might have very well worked and led to the end of the war in early 1863.
  • Grant - Solid and pragmatic, he used the North's material and manpower advantages to grind down the Confederates.
  • Hooker - Outmaneuvered at Chancelorsville by Lee's aggressive moves, he missed many good chances to win that one.
  • McClellan - Very good organizer and strategist, well-loved by the army. Had a chance to win during the Peninsular campaign, but he avoided loss of life and tended to be outplayed by the more aggressive Confederates.
  • Meade - Led be committee, did a decent job at Gettysburg and served well under Grant.
  • Sherman - Vilified in the South for his ruthless tactics, his March to the Sea put large parts of the Confederacy out of the war.

Confederate

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  • A.S. Johnston
  • Beauregard
  • J.E. Johnston
  • Robert E. Lee
  • Pemberton
  • J.E.B. Stuart