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Slavery in Canada

From Encyc

Quebec, and the later British colonies, practiced slavery in Canada. Some modern commentators have estimated that as many as 4,000 individuals of African descent were worked, as slaves, during the colonial period.

The British empire freed all slaves in 1834. , While individuals of African descent were worked, as slaves, in Quebec, when it was a colony of France, it is unclear when there was legal support for slavery of Africans. The practice of slavery was limted, with panis, the enslavement of native people, captured during wars with other natives, was more prevalent. The term "panis" is a french transliteration of Pawnee, a first nation that had been particularly victimized.

The names of most of these slaves is lost to history.

Slaves and former slaves, in Canada, whose names were recorded
name owner(s) date notes
Pierre
  • When his owner fell into debt, and his creditor wanted to acquire Pierre, to pay off that debt, his owner went to court and argued that, since Pierre had been baptized, and become a Christian, he was no longer a slave.[1]
Marie-Josèphe Angélique 1730s
  • Angélique was suspected of setting a fire in her mistress's home, that spread, and consumed a substantial portion of Montreal.[2]
  • She was convicted of arson, and sentenced to death, based on a confession coerced from her through a torture technique where the suspect's foot is slowly crippled by being crushed in a vice.[2]
  • Modern commentators speculate over whether, if she started the fire, it was a simple accident, or whether she might have been completely innocent.[2]
Chloe Cooley
Peggy Pompadour
Jupiter Pompadour

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. Michel Paquin. "PIERRE, Comanche Indian, slave; b. c. 1707; baptized 11 Sept. 1723 in Montreal; buried there 5 Aug. 1747". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Retrieved 2019-06-14. In 1732 Pierre, as he had been baptized, was the subject of a legal struggle which obliged the authorities of New France to pronounce more definitively on the legality of slavery in the colony than had Intendant Jacques Raudot* in his ordinance of 1709.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Afua Cooper (2006). The Hanging Of Angelique: The Untold Story of Canadian Slavery and the Burning of Old Montreal. HarperCollins Canada. p. 74-76. ISBN 9780820329406.

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