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Gliese Catalog

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mThe Gliese Catalog of Nearby Stars is a list of all the stars that have been found known to lie within a sphere within 25 parsecs (82 ly) of the Solar system.[1][2]

The first version of the catalog was published in 1950, by Astronomer Wilhelm Gliese, and listed 915 stars. Later versions were published in collaboration with other people, including Hartmut Jahreiß, and current versions of the catalog include over 3,000 star.

Some nearby stars in the Gliese Catalog
Gliese name Common name discovered discoverer star
type		 solar
masses		 distance absolute
luminosity		 notes
Gliese 1 1885 Benjamin Gould M2V 0.33 14.2 10.35
  • Although it is reasonably nearby, since its mass is only 30 percent of Sol's this red dwarf star is too dim to be seen with the naked eye
Gliese 2 BD+44 4548 M1 0.5 37.5 9.65
Gliese 4 ADS 48 K 0.5 36.9 7.93
  • The system is a trinary star system.[3]
Gliese 10 6 Ceti 1725 John Flamsteed F8V 1.12 60 3.53
Gliese 12 39.7
Gliese 65 Luyten 726-8 M5.5 0.122 8.77
  • This binary star system is both close to Sol, our sun, and shows a high proper motion
Gliese 71 Tau Ceti 11.9 5.69
  • Tau Ceti will come to 10.6 lightyears of the Solar system in 43,000 years.[5]
Gliese 144 Epsilon Eridani 6.19
Gliese 171.1 Aldebaran -0.6
Gliese 280 Procyon 2.66
Gliese 244 Sirius 1.43
Gliese 324 55 Cancri
Gliese 477 Ross 128 1928 Frank Elmore Ross M4V 11 13.7
Gliese 504 59 Virginis 1598 Tycho Brahe G0 1.3 57 4.83
  • Gliese 504 is slightly larger than Sol, our sun.[7] It is orbited by a brown dwarf
  • Some Astronomers suspect Gliese 504 has absorbed some of its planets, giving confusing clues as to how old it is.[8]
Gliese 541 Arcturus 38.7 -0.3
Gliese 559 Alpha Centauri ancient times 4.37
  • The Alpha Centauri system will come to within 3.3 lightyears approximately 28,000 years from now.[11]
Gliese 667
Gliese 699 Barnard's Star 13.2
Gliese 700
Gliese 710 62.2 8.3
  • Gliese 710 will approach within 0.166 light-years (10,500 au) of Sol, our sun.[12]
Gliese 721 Vega A0V 2.15 25 0.58
  • Fifth brightest star in the night sky.
Gliese 768 Altair 2.22
Gl 777 HR 7670
BD+29 3872 ABab
Gliese 845 Epsilon Indi 6.89
Gliese 3021 HD 1237
CD-80 9		 G6 0.93 57.4 5.36
Gliese 3378 TIC 322347050 20th century M3V 0.25 25 0.0085


References

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  1. ↑ "Ask Astro: Why are so many stars named Gliese?". Astronomy Magazine. 2021-09-02. Archived from the original on 2026-05-09. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  2. ↑ "CNS3 - Gliese Catalog of Nearby Stars, 3rd Edition". HEASARC. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  3. ↑ "★ Star ADS 48". Stellar Catalog. Retrieved 2026-07-02.
  4. ↑ Caroline Gall (2024-05-23). "Researchers discover Earth-sized planet Gliese 12 b". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2025-10-20. Retrieved 2026-07-04. The planet’s equivalent of the Sun, called Gliese 12, is a cool, red dwarf located in the constellation Pisces and the planet receives 1.6 times more energy from its star as Earth does from the sun, the university said.
  5. ↑ C. A. L. Bailer-Jones (2015-02-19). "Close encounters of the stellar kind". Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. 575: A35. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425221. ISSN 0004-6361. Retrieved 2026-06-27.
  6. ↑ Alicia Cermak (2019-04-22). "Ross 128 b". NASA Science. Archived from the original on 2026-04-02. Retrieved 2026-07-04. Ross 128 b is a super Earth exoplanet that orbits an M-type star. Its mass is 1.4 Earths, it takes 9.9 days to complete one orbit of its star, and is 0.0496 AU from its star. Its discovery was announced in 2017.
  7. ↑ Alicia Cermak (2013-08-04). "Finding GJ504 in the night sky". NASA Science. Archived from the original on 2026-04-08. Retrieved 2026-07-14. It orbits the G0-type star GJ 504, which is slightly hotter than the sun and is faintly visible to the unaided eye in the constellation Virgo. The star lies 57 light-years away and the team estimates the system is about 160 million years old, based on methods that link the star's color and rotation period to its age.
  8. ↑ S. Bellotti; C Pezzotti; G. Buldgen; A.A.V. Vidotto; D. Evensberget; E. Magaudda (2026-02-26). "Eating planets makes you younger: The magnetic dynamo rejuvenation of GJ 504 by planetary engulfment". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 707. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2602.22979. Archived from the original on 2026-07-14. Retrieved 2026-07-14. Between the two scenarios, only the planetary engulfment can explain the observational constraints obtained previously in the literature, such as the stellar rotation and X-ray luminosity, and the J̇ we derived and rescaled to account for underestimated magnetic field strength. More than one of |website= and |journal= specified (help)
  9. ↑ Deborah Byrd (2026-05-29). "Arcturus, brightest star of the northern sky". EarthSky magazine. Archived from the original on 2026-06-20. Retrieved 2026-07-02. Arcturus is a red giant star. It’s about 25 times the size of our sun, and some 170 times more luminous. And considering the fact that it’s only 36.7 light-years away, it should be little surprise that Arcturus is the 4th-brightest star in Earth’s sky.
  10. ↑ Barb Mattson (2020-09-22). "Star Types". NASA Science. Archived from the original on 2026-06-16. Retrieved 2026-07-02. Arcturus in the northern constellation Boötes and Gamma Crucis in the southern constellation Crux (the Southern Cross) are red giants visible to the unaided eye.
  11. ↑ "Alpha Centauri Approaches Earth: What Does This Mean for the Future of Humanity?". Insane Curiousity. 2025-07-28. Retrieved 2026-06-27 – via YouTube.
  12. ↑ Steve Hurley (2024-10-04). "Gliese 710: The Closest Future Star Encounter". Explaining Science. Retrieved 2026-06-27. Its surface is cooler, 3870 oC versus 5500 oC for the Sun. Its smaller size and lower surface temperature means that it has only 4.5% of the luminosity of the Sun. It lies at a distance of 62.3 light years from us. Its distance and luminosity give it a magnitude of 9.66, making it too faint to be seen with the naked eye. It is not known if Gliese 710 has any planets.
  13. ↑ >"GJ 3021 / HD 1237 / CD-80 9". Archived from the original on 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2026-07-24. On January 25, 2000, a team of astronomers (Dominique Naef, Francisco Pepe, Michel Mayor, Nuno C. Santos, Didier Queloz, Stephane Udry, and M. Burnet) announced the discovery of a Jupiter-class planet around GJ 3021 using highly sensitive radial-velocity methods (press release, initial data, and exoplanets.org).
  14. ↑ "★ Star Gliese 3378". Stellar Catalog. Retrieved 2026-07-12. Nearby star Gliese 3378 is a main sequence star that fuses hydrogen atoms into helium. It is approximately 30 % of the size of Sun and temperature on its surface is around 3340 K (3067 °C), which is about 58 % of Sun's temperature.
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